Container uses aluminous material solder

The classification of aluminous material (1) by have without alloy composition, aluminous material cent is aluminium and aluminium alloy. Aluminium alloy is divided again by alloy series wait for Al-Mn alloy, Al-Cu alloy, Al-Si alloy and Al-Mg alloy. (2) press forming ability, can divide to be out of shape aluminium and blame are out of shape aluminous (for example: Casting is aluminous) . (3) press whether heat treatment aggrandizement, aluminium alloy is divided again to be not aluminium of heat treatment aggrandizement and aluminium of heat treatment aggrandizement. Aluminium was not the same as element isomer, alloy of aluminium, aluminous manganese, aluminum-magnesium alloy change impossibly through heat treatment photograph will increase strength. But, the alloy such as aluminous copper and aluminium magnesium silicon can pass photograph of aggrandizement of separate out of solid dissolve effectiveness for a given period of time to increase strength, call but heat treatment aggrandizement is aluminous. Cannot pass what photograph of aggrandizement of separate out of solid dissolve effectiveness for a given period of time increases strength to call cannot heat treatment aggrandizement is aluminous. 2.

The brand represents method and condition code name (1) brand of system of 4 digit word names a method January 1, 1997, does our country begin to carry out GB/T16474? 996 " be out of shape aluminium and aluminium alloy brand represent a means " standard. New name states the method uses the international that is out of shape aluminium and brand of aluminium alloy international register an organization to recommend brand of system of 4 digit word names a method, for example industrial aluminium has 1070, 1060 etc, al-Mn alloy has 3003 to wait, al-Mg alloy has 5052, 5086 etc. (2) brand of 4 character system names a method before January 1, 1997, the brand of the Russia before our country is used represents a means. 4 digit font fastens the aluminium of date of a few old brand and composition of aluminium alloy chemistry and international the brand is not complete be identical, cannot use international brand of system of 4 digit word is replaced, 4 digit font fastens the blame international that has to withhold home brand, must use brand of 4 character system to name a method, so that conform with international stage by stage. For example: 4 digit font fastens the chemical composition of LF21 of old brand date and international brand 3003 not complete be identical, then, the shop sign that 4 character diagram of system shows is 3A21. 4 digit font is fastened and the first number shows shop sign of 4 character system the category of aluminium and aluminium alloy, its meaning is as follows: 1) aluminium of industry of 1XXX series ; 2) alloy of Al-Cu of 2XXX series , Al-Cu-Mn, ; 3) alloy of Al-Mn of 3XXX series ; 4) alloy of Al-Si of 4XXX series ; 5) alloy of Al-Mg of 5XXX series ; 6) Al-Mg-Si alloy of 6XXX series ; 7) alloy of Al-Mg-Si-Cu of 7XXX series ; 8) other of 8XXX series . (3) container of our country of aluminous cast brand uses symbol of ZAl+ main alloying element with aluminous cast brand + percentage of number of alloying element content expresses. For example; ZAlSi7Mg1A, ZAlCu4, ZAlMg5Si. (4) the aluminium of same brand reachs condition code name aluminium alloy, when position is different, mechanical function is not same. According to GB/T16475 " be out of shape aluminium and code name of aluminium alloy condition " standard, new position code name sets as follows: Normal MARGIN of condition of 0pt">O anneal: 0cm 0cm 0pt; Mso-margin-top-alt: Auto; Mso-margin-bottom-alt: Auto; Mso-list: L2 Level1 Lfo1; Tab-stops: List 36.

0pt">H112 heats up condition Normal >T4 Normal MARGIN of condition of effect of man-hour of later generations of refrigeration of process of figuration of 0pt">T5 high temperature: 0cm 0cm 0pt; Mso-margin-top-alt: Auto; Mso-margin-bottom-alt: Auto; Mso-list: L2 Level1 Lfo1; Tab-stops: List 36.

Condition of effect of man-hour of 0pt">T6 solution treatment later generations 2, the aluminium that the applied characteristic of aluminous container and container standard use and aluminium alloy Normal > aluminous container (1) aluminium is in air and medium of oxidisability aqueous solution, its surface produces compact alumina passivation film more easily, it is had in medium of a few oxidisability be able to bear or endure goodly corrode sex. In high temperature thick nitric acid, of aluminium be able to bear or endure stainless steel of corrode sex excel. Aluminous material often serves as be able to bear or endure corrode container material. (2) is a few righter caustic not quite strong, but the medium that asks to prevent iron to pollute, if chemical fibber produces medium to wait, aluminium has better be able to bear or endure corrode sex, and pollute stock without iron, accordingly, aluminous material often serves as the material of the container of the pollution that prevent iron. Container of other nonferrous metal also can prevent iron pollution, but aluminium is the cheapest. (3) aluminium is face heart cubic lattice, not was the same as element isomer, below microtherm nonexistent like ferrite steel in that way brittleness transforms, the lowermost design temperature of aluminous container can be amounted to - 269 ℃ . Aluminous material often regards microtherm as the material of container. When the magnesian content in aluminum-magnesium alloy is higher, can be with Mg2Al3 of the compound between the metal and Mg5Al8 between brilliant separate out, make aluminum-magnesium alloy produces stress to corrode sensitivity in certain medium, use ability to won't produce stress to corrode below in 65 ℃ only, the aluminum-magnesium alloy that because this contains magnesian amount,exceeded 3 ％ stipulates design temperature does not exceed 65 ℃ . Separate out photograph also can reduce concussion tenacity too much, because this contains magnesian amount,the aluminum-magnesium alloy of more than 3 ％ reachs his to solder contact should examine concussion tenacity. Other aluminium and aluminous container, include microtherm aluminous container to all do not ask to undertake tenacity examines pounding. (4) because intensity of condition of effectiveness for a given period of time of dissolve of solid of alloy of aluminium magnesium silicon is high, plasticity is better also, weldability is good, solder the strength that contact still can retain taller in the condition after solder, often use as consequently container uses high strenth aluminium alloy. Aluminous, especially the formulary disproportional of aluminium is stretchy stress is very low, can produce plasticity to be out of shape namely below small load. Aluminous container is being used with when carrying, should notice collision is out of shape. (The plasticity with good to get 5) , of alloy of aluminium, aluminous manganese and aluminum-magnesium alloy be out of shape aluminous material is in only anneal condition or heat make condition use, do not use cold make state. Heat makes condition solder aluminously contact, solder heat affects an area to have anneal effect to heat, its are consequently allowable what stress also takes anneal condition aluminous capable person only is allowable stress. Only the aluminous material of alloy of aluminium magnesium silicon and aluminum-copper alloy just uses position of solid dissolve effectiveness for a given period of time, in order to assure its high strenth. 2.

The aluminium that container standard uses and the material that aluminium alloy asks to make container have good figuration sex and weldability, JB/T4734-2002 " aluminium makes solder container " in adoption aluminium and aluminium alloy have: Normal > industry aluminium, 1050A, 1060 with 1200. Normal >Al-Cu alloy 2014. Normal >Al-Mn alloy 3003 with 3004. Normal >Al-Mg alloy 5A02, 5A03, 5A05, 5052, 5052, 5058 with 5086. Normal >Al-Mg-Si alloy 6A02, 6061 with 6063. Typical brand aluminium reachs composition of aluminium alloy chemistry and mechanical function, can consult relative standard. 3, the welder of aluminium and aluminium alloy art Normal > aluminium and aluminium alloy solder characteristic (1) aluminium is reached in air when soldering extremely easy oxidation, generated alumina (Al2O3) melting point is very tall, stable, not easy purify. Of capable person of block up mother fuse and fusion, the proportion of oxidation film is large, rise to the surface not easily, easy generate slag inclusion, incomplete fusion, not solder is appeared etc be short of owe. The exterior oxidation film of aluminous material and adsorptive and many water are divided, make welding line produces air hole easily. Chemistry or mechanical method should be used to undertake strict surface clear before soldering, cleared film of its surface oxidation. Soldering the process strengthens protection, prevent its to oxidize. When solder of arc of tungsten pole argon, choose alternating current source, through " cathode clears " action, purify oxidation film. When gas welding, use the welding flux of purify oxidation film. Be in thick board when soldering, can increase solder quantity of heat, for example, helium arc quantity of heat is big, use helium to enrage or gas mixture protects argon helium, what perhaps use old standard is extremely fused gas protects solder, receiving a circumstance to fall in dc, can not need " cathode clears " . (2) the thermal conductance of aluminium and aluminium alloy and specific heat capacity all are carbon steel and low-alloy steel about double much. Aluminous thermal conductance is ten times of austenite stainless steel. Soldering in the process, much quantity of heat can be conducted quickly base metal is in-house, solder consequently when aluminium and aluminium alloy, energy is divided outside using up Yu Rong to change metallic bath, have more quantity of heat even meaningless use up at the metal other position, of this kind of useless energy use up what should compare steel to solder more remarkable, to acquire high quality solder contact, ought to use the sources of energy with energy concentration, great power as far as possible, also can adopt the technology measure such as warm-up sometimes. (3) double what the linear expansion coefficient of aluminium and aluminium alloy is carbon steel and low-alloy steel about. The bulk shrinkage when aluminium is caky is bigger, of weldment be out of shape and stress is greater, accordingly, need to adopt precaution to solder metabolic measure. Aluminium solders when bath is caky easy generation shrinkage cavity, shrink loose, hot crack and taller internal stress. Can use in production adjust welding wire to solder into dispenses the generation that the measure of craft prevents hot crack. In be able to bear or endure below the condition that corrode sex allows, can use aluminum-silicon alloy welding wire to solder the aluminium alloy except aluminum-magnesium alloy. Silicon is contained in aluminum-silicon alloy 0.

Liability of the hot tearing when 5 ％ is bigger, increase as silicon content, decrescent of limits of alloy crystallization temperature, fluidity rises significantly, shrinkage drops, hot tearing tendency also is reduced accordingly. The basis produces experience, should contain silicon 5 ％ ～ can not produce hot tearing when 6 ％ , use SAlSi consequently (silicon content 4. 6 ％ of 5 ％ ～ ) welding wire can have better crack resistance. (4) the aluminium reflex to smooth, heat capability is stronger, solid, fluid turns when voice, change without apparent colour and lustre, solder the judgement when the operation is difficult. High temperature aluminous intensity is very low, the bath that prop up is difficult, easy solder is worn. (5) aluminium and aluminium alloy can dissolve in liquid state many hydrogen, solid state dissolves scarcely hydrogen. Soldering bath is caky in the process with fast refrigeration, hydrogen has not enough time to spill over, form hydric hole extremely easily. The moisture in arc column atmosphere, solder material and the moisture with adsorptive film of oxidation of surface of mother capable person, it is the hydric main source in welding line. Accordingly, want to be controlled strictly to hydrogenous origin, form stomaticly in order to prevent. (6) hair of alloying element Yi Zheng, burn caustic, make welding line function drops. (7) base metal is like mother capable person to be out of shape when aggrandizement or aggrandizement of solid dissolve effectiveness for a given period of time, solder the intensity that hot meeting makes heat affects an area drops. (8) the aluminous heart that it is a face cubic lattice, not was the same as element isomer, heat with refrigeration did not change in the process, welding line grain is easy bulky, cannot refine grain through changing. 2.

Solder method almost all sorts of soldering the method can be used at soldering aluminium and aluminium alloy, but all sorts of aluminium and aluminium alloy are right soldering methodological adaptability is different, all sorts of soldering the method has its respective application situation. Gas welding and method of welding rod arc welding, equipment simple, operation is convenient. Gas welding can be used at the filling solder that to soldering quality asks not tall aluminous thin plate reachs cast. Welding rod arc welding can be used at the filling solder of aluminium alloy cast. Inert gase protects solder (TIG or MIG) the method is to apply the most extensive aluminium and aluminium alloy to solder method. Aluminium and aluminium alloy thin plate can be used tungsten pole communicates argon arc solder or solder of arc of argon of tungsten pole pulse. Aluminium and aluminium alloy are thick board can use helium of solder of arc of tungsten pole helium, argon to mix tungsten pole gas to protect solder, extremely fused aeriform protection solder, pulse is extremely fused gas protects solder. Extremely fused aeriform protection solder, pulse is extremely fused application of aeriform protection solder is wider and wider (argon gas or argon / helium mixes air) 3.

Solder material (1) of welding wire aluminium and aluminium alloy welding wire choose solder goodly except the consideration outside technical properties, by container the requirement should make the tensile strength of butt joint connect, plasticity (through bend test) achieve a regulation to ask, the aluminum-magnesium alloy that measures more than 3 ％ to containing magnesium should satisfy the requirement that pounds tenacity, be able to bear or endure to having the container that corrode asks, solder of contact the level that is able to bear or endure to corrode sex still should be achieved or be close to mother capable person. Consequently of welding wire choose main according to following principle: 1) the purity of aluminium welding wire is general not under mother capable person; 2) the chemical composition of aluminium alloy welding wire is general as corresponding as mother capable person or close; 3) aluminium alloy welding wire is able to bear or endure mediumly corrode element (magnesian, manganese, silicon) content is common not under mother capable person; 4) when heterogeneous aluminium material solders, should press be able to bear or endure the mother talent with taller, high intensity chooses corrode welding wire; 5) do not ask to be able to bear or endure the high strenth aluminium alloy of corrode sex (aluminium alloy of heat treatment aggrandizement) the welding wire that can use heterogeneous part, SAlSi of good like crack resistance aluminum-silicon alloy welding wire one 1 etc (notice intensity is likely under) of mother capable person. (2) gas of protective gas protection is argon gas, helium is enraged or its mix air. When communication adds solder of high frequency TIG, use be more than 99. 9 ％ pure argon is angry, dc anode sex solders appropriate is enraged with helium. When MIG solder, board what is appropriate to the occasion of thick <25 Mm is enraged with argon; Board the helium that the appropriate in gas of the argon when 50 Mm of ～ of thick 25 Mm adds 35 ％ of 10 ％ ～ is angry; Board the appropriate in gas of the argon when thick 50mm-75mm adds 35 ％ of L0 ％ ～ or the helium energy of life of 50 ％ ; When board thick > recommend when 75 Mm use add 50 ％ ～ the argon that 75 ％ helium enrages is angry. Should argon gas accord with GB ／ T 4842? 995 " pure argon " requirement. Depress of argon gas cylinder at 0.

5The pressure after MPa is insufficient, cannot use. (3) tungsten extremely the tungsten that argon arc solder uses extremely material has pure tungsten, thorium tungsten, cerium tungsten, zirconium tungsten 4 kinds. Pure tungsten extremely melting point and boiling point are high, fuse not easily volatilize, electrode burns caustic and most advanced pollution less, but electronic emissivity is poorer. 1 ％ ～ is joined in pure tungsten the electrode of thorium of 2 ％ oxidation is thorium tungsten extremely, electronic emissivity is strong, permission current density is high, electric arc combustion is stabler, but thorium element has certain radioactivity, proper preventive measure should be adopted when using. Join in pure tungsten 1.

8 ％ ～ 2.

The oxidation cerium of 2 ％ (foreign matter ≤ 0.

1 ％ ) electrode is cerium tungsten extremely. Cerium tungsten extremely electronic transgression meritorious service is small, chemical stability is tall, allow current density big, without radioactivity, it is the electrode that uses generally at present. Zirconium tungsten can prevent electrode to pollute base metal extremely, most advanced easy carry hemisphere form, apply to communication to solder. (4) the chloride that welding flux gas welding is the element such as potassium, natrium, lithium, calcium with welding flux and fluoride, but purify oxidation film. 4.

The preparation before solder (clear before 1) solder when aluminium and aluminium alloy solder, the oxidation film that mouth of solder of strict cleared workpiece and welding wire surface answer before solder and smeary, cleared quality is affected directly solder craft and contact quality, the liability that if welding line is stomatic,produces and mechanical function. Often use chemistry to clean clear with machinery two kinds of methods. 1) chemistry cleans chemistry to clean efficiency tall, quality is stable, apply to clear welding wire and dimension the not big, work that produces group by group. Usable dip is washed law and swab a law two kinds. The organic dissolvent surface such as usable acetone, benzine, kerosene goes oily, the 10 ％ of 5 ％ ～ that use 70 ℃ of 40 ℃ ～ NaOH solution is alkaline wash time of aluminium of 7 Min(of 3 Min ～ to grow a bit but do not exceed 20 Min) , clear water of going from place to place is rinsed, the 3 Min of ～ of 1 Min of pickling of solution of 30 ％ HNO3 that uses room temperature to 60 ℃ then, clear water of going from place to place is rinsed, airing or low temperature are dry. 2) machinery clears in work measure longer, multilayer welding or chemistry clean cycle of bigger, production hind when flyblow, often use machinery to clear. Brush face of take sb's temperature with the organic dissolvent such as acetone, benzine first in order to remove oil, it is with the diameter directly subsequently 0.

15 Mm ～ 0.

The cupreous silk of 2 Mm is brushed or brush of stainless steel silk is brushed, brush show metallic burnish till. Should not be commonly with emery wheel or burnish of common sand paper, lest arenaceous bead stays in metallic surface, bath is entered to produce the limitation such as slag inclusion when soldering. Also can wait with drawknife, file additionally clear the surface that wait for solder. After workpiece and welding wire course are cleaned and clearing, produce oxidation film afresh in the meeting in depositing Cheng, fall in damp environment especially, be in by acerbity, alkaline in the environment that waits for steam pollution, oxidation film grows more quickly. Accordingly, after workpiece and welding wire are cleaned and clearing to the front of solder deposit time to should shorten as far as possible, in climate damp circumstance falls, general Ying Zaiqing applies solder inside the 4 H after manage. After clearing if deposit time,grow too (if exceed 24 H) ought to retexture. (Aluminium of 2) bolster plate and aluminium alloy are when high temperature intensity is very low, the performance of going from place to place of liquid state aluminium is good, when solder welding line metal produces stay phenomenon easily. Appear to assure solder and do not cause dent, solder to use bolster plate to hold bath in the palm to reach around metal constantly. Bolster plate can use black lead board, stainless steel board, carbon steel board, copperplate or cupreous club. Bolster plate surface opens a round deep-slotted chip breaker, in order to make sure welding line opposite shapes. Also need not add bolster plate bosseyed solder is double-faced shape, but the requirement solders to operate adroitness or adopt pair of electric arc to use solder energy the advanced technology measure such as control of strict and automatic feedback. (The warm-up before 3) solder is thin, small aluminous general need not warm-up, ply can undertake the warm-up before solder when 15 Mm of 10 Mm ～ , can be 100 ℃ ～ according to the temperature of aluminium alloy warm-up of different type 200 ℃ , usable oxygen one acetylene blaze, electric stove or blowtorch heat. Warm-up can make weldment is reduced be out of shape, reduce the blemish such as air hole. 5.

Solder aftertreatment (clear after 1) solder the passivation film that takes in the meeting such as welding line and the remaining welding flux around and solder broken bits to destroy aluminous surface after solder, still can corrode aluminium sometimes, should clear clean. The work with simple, general requirement can erode with hot water or steam plays figure brush wait for simple method to clear. The aluminium with the demand is high and complex form, after scrub is being brushed with bristle in hot water, again the dip in the chromic anhydride aqueous solution that in 60 ℃ ～ 80 ℃ left and right sides, chroma is 3 ％ of 2 ％ ～ or solution of heavy chromic acerbity Potassium washs 10 Min of 5 Min ～ , brush rinse with bristle, develop scrub to wash in hot water next, with oven drying, or the air that use heat is blown dry, also but natural and dry. (Aluminous container of the heat treatment after 2) solder does not seek heat treatment after general solder. If what use aluminous material,is apparent stress to corrode sensitivity truly below the medium condition that contacts in container, the heat treatment after need passes solder in order to eliminate taller welding stress, the critical stress that will make the stress on container reduces generation stress to corrode craze is the following, answer to design a file to raise special requirement by container at this moment, just make stress heat treatment is eliminated after solder. If require heat treatment of the anneal after solder, to aluminium, 5052, 5086, 5154, 5454, 5A02, 5A03, 5A06, recommend temperature to be 345 ℃ ; To 2014, 2024, 3003, 3004, 5056, 5083, 5456, 6061, 6063, 2A12, 2A24, 3A21, recommend temperature to be 415 ℃ ; To 2017, 2A11, 6A02, recommend temperature to be 360 ℃ , according to workpiece size and requirement, annealing temperature but to or negative move 20 ℃ ～ to each 30 ℃ , heat preservation time can be in 0.

Between 2 H of 5 H ～ . CNC Milling